Herausgeber_in: industriALL union

Zielgruppe: Student_innen, Erwachsene

Medien: Hintergrundinformationen

Schlagwörter: Arbeitsbedingungen, Äthiopien, Bekleidungsindustrie, Existenzsichernde Löhne, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Gewerkschaften, Lohn, Living Wage, Mindestlohn, Unternehmensverantwortung

Kurzbeschreibung:

Ethiopia’s economy has grown quickly over the last few years, from an agricultural economy to an industrializing one. The country now has one of the highest economic growth rates in Sub-Saharan Africa. Industrial parks like Hawassa are part of the government’s plan to create jobs. The Ethiopian Investment Commission touts low wages and other benefits to attract investment. The government has set up the Ethiopian Textile Industry Development Institute, and industrial parks have been built across the country to promote light manufacturing.

But what does the special focus given to the textile and garment sector mean for factory workers? What does it mean for union organizing? Unions are concerned that the country will replicate the mistakes of other low wage economies, undermining unions to keep wages low.

This short article gives a short overview about the situation of wages and women’s right in the garment sector in Ethiopia.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2019

Umfang: 2 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download als PDF-Datei

Herausgeber_in: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES), Center for Development and Employment Research

Redaktion: Rizwanul Islam, Rushidan I Rahman

Zielgruppe: Student_innen, Erwachsene

Medien: Hintergrundinformationen

Schlagwörter: Arbeitsbedingungen, Arbeitsrechte, Bangladesh, Bekleidungsindustrie, COVID-19, Corona, Gender, Gesundheit, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Krise, Menschenrechte, Politik, Standards, Studie, textile Kette, Untersuchung

Kurzbeschreibung:

The COVID-19 pandemic has turned to an global economic crisis which affected the employment and labour market situations worldwide – as well in Bangladesh. The lockdown measures from March to May 2020 hit the economy hard and economic recovery is taking time. There are already visible signs of the impact of the economic crisis on employment and livelihoods of people.

The study analyses the impact of the health and economic crisis on the employment and labour market situations of Bangladesh and provides recommendations on possible policy responses for the short and medium turn future. It deals with the employment as a whole but also focus on how the informal sector and women have been affected.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2020

Umfang: 48 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download als PDF-Datei

Herausgeber_innen: Global Labor Justice

Autor_innen: Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee

Zielgruppe: Student_innen, Erwachsene

Medien: Hintergrundinformationen

Schlagwörter: Arbeitsbedingungen, Asien, Bekleidungsindustrie, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Gender, gender-based-violence, GBVH, Gewerkschaften, Globalisierung, globale Wertschöpfungskette, ILO, Lieferkette, Leitprinzipien, Menschenrechte

Kurzbeschreibung:
Low wage women workers are least likely to have access to limited social safety nets, and most earn wages too low to save. As economies contract and millions of workers are fired, older women are among the first to lose their jobs. The unprecedented impacts of COVID-19 are deep and far-reaching, affecting the health and livelihoods of more than 150 million workers in global supply chains and 40 million workers in fast fashion supply chains—a workforce largely made up of women. Government and corporate responses to COVID-19 have exposed vast structural inequalities created by supply chain production models.

This report reviews the gendered impact of COVID-19—and the need for a transformational approach to prevent and end GBVH using guidance from C190*—in the context of Asian fast fashion supply chains which produce primarily consumer apparel and footwear. The report highlights the persistent risk factors for violence that both predate and are exacerbated by COVID-19. It provides detailed guidance for fast fashion lead firms on steps they can take to uphold C190 obligations to address violence on garment supply chains in context of the global public health crisis and the economic shocks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. While this report focuses on fast fashion supply chains, the guidance for corporate accountability to achieve violence free workplaces provides an important roadmap across global supply chain sectors.

* C190 is the first international labor standard to lay out a gender-inclusive approach to addressing violence in the world of work and measures to end GBVH, including addressing risks associated with discrimination, unequal relationships of power and occupational health and safety

Erscheinungsjahr: 2020

Umfang: 47 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download als PDF-Datei

Herausgeber_in: Fair Wear Foundation

Kurzbeschreibung:

A publication exploring solutions for tackling gender-based violence in the garment industry.

The publication revisits the issues that were discussed at the 2017 Gender Forum in Vietnam. It looks at what has changed since the 2017 Gender Forum, charting the progress achieved and the obstacles encountered by country teams over the course of the year —in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Myanmar and Vietnam —as they work toward achieving the goals and pledges made during the 2017 Gender Forum.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 34 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug:  kostenfrei zum Download

Herausgeber_in: Asia Floor Wage Alliance, The Center for Alliance of Labor & Human Rights, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre, SLD

Schlagwörter: Befragung, Bangladesch, Diskriminierung, Gender, Gewalt, Frauenrechte, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Kambodscha, Indonesien, Unternehmen und Menschenrechte, Unternehmensverantwortung, extraterritorialer Menschenrechtsschutz

Kurzbeschreibung:

This report—including interviews with more than 250 workers employed in 60 factories that supply to Walmart— documents the experiences of women garment workers at the base of Walmart garment supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Indonesia. Concentrated in short term, low-skill, and low-wage positions, they are at daily risk of gender-based violence and harassment at work. This report provides an empirical account of the spectrum of gender-based violence and risk factors for violence women workers face in Walmart garment supply chains. Chapter 4 of this report presents new research on gender-based violence in Walmart garment supplier factories in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Indonesia collected through interviews and focus group discussions with 25 workers and trade union leaders organizing in Walmart supply chains between February and May 2018. Systematically documenting risk factors for violence, this report presents new, in-depth profiles of 4 Walmart supplier factories in Bangladesh and Cambodia completed between February and May 2018. It also draws upon Asia Floor Wage Alliance (2016) documentation of rights violations at work in Walmart garment global supply chains, compiled over four years of research (2012-2016) on Walmart supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Indonesia.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 43 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download

Herausgeber_in: Asia Floor Wage Alliance, The Center for Alliance of Labor & Human Rights, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre, SLD

Schlagwörter: Befragung, Bangladesch, Diskriminierung, Gender, Gewalt, Frauenrechte, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Sri Lanka, Kambodscha, Indien, Indonesien, Unternehmen und Menschenrechte, Unternehmensverantwortung, extraterritorialer Menschenrechtsschutz

Kurzbeschreibung:

This report—including interviews with more than 215 workers employed in 21 factories that supply to Gap—documents the experiences of women garment workers at the base of Gap garment

supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Concentrated in short term, low skill, and low-wage positions, they are at daily risk of gender based violence and harassment at work. Systematically documenting risk factors for violence, this report presents new, in-depth profiles of 9 Gap supplier factories in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and India completed between February and May 2018. It also draws upon Asia Floor Wage Alliance (2016) documentation of rights violations at work in Gap garment global supply chains in India and Indonesia, based upon field work conducted between August and October 2015.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 50 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download

Herausgeber_in: Asia Floor Wage Alliance, The Center for Alliance of Labor & Human Rights, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre, SLD

Schlagwörter: Befragung, Bangladesch, Diskriminierung, Gender, Gewalt, Frauenrechte, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Kambodscha, Indien, Unternehmen und Menschenrechte, Unternehmensverantwortung, extraterritorialer Menschenrechtsschutz

Kurzbeschreibung:

This report—including interviews with more than 331 workers employed in 32 factories that supply to H&M—documents the experiences of women garment workers at the base of H&M garment supply chains. Concentrated in short term, low-skill, and low-wage positions, they are at daily risk of gender-based violence and harassment at work. Systematically documenting risk factors for violence, this report presents new, in-depth profiles of gendered hiring practices in 6 H&M supplier factories in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and India completed between February and May 2018. It also draws upon Asia Floor Wage Alliance (2016) documentation of rights violations at work in H&M garment global supply chains in Cambodia and India.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 53 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug:  kostenfrei zum Download

Herausgeber_in: Clean Clothes Campaign

Schlagwörter: Bangalore, Frauenrechte, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Frauen/ Mädchen vom Land in die Stadt, Migranten/innen, Indien, Zwangsarbeit

Kurzbeschreibung:

Female migrants employed in India’s garment factories supplying to big international brands like Benetton, C&A, GAP, H&M, Levi’s, M&S and PVH, are subject to conditions of modern slavery. In Bangalore, India’s biggest garment producing hub, young women are recruited with false promises about wages and benefits, they work in garment factories under high-pressure for low wages. These are some conclusions from the report ‘Labour Without Liberty – Female Migrant Workers in Bangalore's Garment Industry’ - published by the Indian Garment Labour Union, the India Committee of the Netherlands and Clean Clothes Campaign.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 12 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug:  kostenfrei zum Download (PDF-Datei)

Herausgeber_in: Research Center for Employment Relations

Autor_in: Do Quynh Chi

Schlagwörter: Arbeitsbedingungen, existenzsichernde Löhne, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Gewalt, Gewerkschaft, Gewerkschaften, Gewerkschaftsfreiheit, sexuelle Belästigung, Vietnam

Kurzbeschreibung:

Garment and textile is the second biggest exporting industry in Vietnam, after electronics, accounting for 15 percent of the country’s GDP and 14 percent of its total exports in 2015. The United States is the biggest market for garments from

Vietnam while Japan and the European Union EU come second and third respectively

With the Party-controlled VGCL remaining the only recognised union organisation, freedom of association has been the most challenging area in terms of labour rights for Vietnam. The enterprise unions are mostly dependent on management and incapable of independently representing workers in negotiations with employers. Social dialogue at the workplace is encouraged by the law but due to the unions’ weakness, has not been effectively practised. The Labour Code of Vietnam provides that the minimum wage should cover the basic living expenses of a worker and his/her family, but the current minimum wage is still lagging behind the minimum living needs. However, the National Wage Council, a tripartite institute, has become more active in MW negotiations, taking into account minimum living needs as well as economic and productivity growth.

Gender-based violence at the workplace has rarely been reported and grievances are few. However, related research shows that gender-based violence is an extensive problem in a society like Vietnam.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2016

Umfang: 50 Seiten

Sprache: Englisch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download (PDF-Datei)

Herausgeber_in: FEMNET e.V

Autor_in: Annika Salingré

Schlagwörter: Bangladesch, Frauen, Frauenrechte, Frauen in der Bekleidungsindustrie, Kinderrechte, Kinderbetreuung, Indien

Kurzbeschreibung:

Frauen- und Kinderrechte sind universelle Menschenrechte. Obwohl Frauen und Kinder als besonders schutzbedürftige Mitglieder der Gesellschaft gelten, haben sie weltweit immer noch am meisten unter Menschenrechtsverletzungen zu leiden. Um Mütter und Kinder in der Arbeitswelt zu schützen, gibt es in fast allen Ländern der Welt z.B. einen bezahlten Mutterschutz und in einigen Ländern sogar die gesetzliche Vorschrift für den Arbeitgeber, Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen am Arbeitsplatz zur Verfügung zu stellen. Indien und Bangladesch gehören zu diesen Ländern, jedoch ist die Umsetzung häufig katastrophal. So sind die Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen in den Fabriken – wenn es überhaupt welche gibt -, meist unzureichend in Bezug auf Qualität und Kapazität, obwohl sie gesetzlich vorgeschrieben sind. Das Fehlen von Betreuungseinrichtungen für Kinder unter 6 Jahren stellt die arbeitenden Mütter vor enorme Schwierigkeiten und bedeutet eine zusätzliche große Belastung. Viele Kinder werden unzureichend betreut und haben somit keine Chance auf frühkindliche Bildung oder Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten.

Erscheinungsjahr: 2018

Umfang: 4 Seiten

Sprache: Deutsch

Bezug: kostenfrei zum Download:

• Factsheet: Wer passt auf, dass die Unternehmen Verantwortung übernehmen?
• Factsheet: Wer passt auf, dass die Kinder betreut sind?